Which type of estate requires the possessor to fulfill certain conditions to retain ownership?

The type of estate that requires the possessor to fulfill specific conditions to retain ownership is the qualified fee estate. This estate is characterized by the fact that it comes with conditions or limitations attached to the ownership. If the conditions are not met, the property may revert to the grantor or pass to a designated third party.

For instance, a grantor may convey land to someone with the condition that the land must be used for educational purposes. If the grantee fails to use the property as stipulated, the qualified fee can terminate, and the property may return to the grantor or pass on to another specified individual, showcasing the conditional nature that distinguishes it from other estates.

In contrast, a fee simple absolute grants the owner complete ownership without any conditions, while a life estate provides ownership rights that are limited to the duration of a person's life. Joint tenancy involves ownership by multiple persons with rights of survivorship, and while it has distinct features, it does not hinge on the fulfillment of conditions like a qualified fee estate does.